The Indonesian government established a new peatland restoration agency after severe fires in 2015 and again in 2023.

These recurring wildfires highlight the ongoing vulnerability of Indonesia’s peatlands, which are critical for carbon storage but also highly flammable when drained. The previous agency failed to prevent these disasters, raising doubts about whether this new body can achieve its goals without significant policy changes or enforcement mechanisms.

The fires have led to massive air pollution and economic losses, affecting millions of people across the country.

Long-term vulnerability remains high due to continued deforestation and drainage practices that dry out peatlands, making them susceptible to future fires.

What is the long-term climate outlook for this region?

The recurring wildfires indicate a worsening trend in Indonesia's climate resilience. Without robust measures to protect and restore peatlands, the risk of severe fires will persist, exacerbating air quality issues and economic damage.

Outlook remains negative without significant policy shifts.